{"id":356,"date":"2019-02-17T15:37:17","date_gmt":"2019-02-17T14:37:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/?p=356"},"modified":"2019-02-17T18:21:40","modified_gmt":"2019-02-17T17:21:40","slug":"historie-andelske-hory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/02\/17\/historie-andelske-hory\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie And\u011blsk\u00e9 Hory"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Pl\u00e1n And\u011blsk\u00e9 Hory z roku 1650 <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nejstar\u0161\u00edmi obyvateli okol\u00ed \u0159eky Nisy snad byli Keltov\u00e9, doklady o jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v\u0161ak zat\u00edm neexistuj\u00ed. Pr\u016fnik prvn\u00edch Slovan\u016f do oblasti m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat nejpozd\u011bji b\u011bhem 6. stolet\u00ed. Po\u010d\u00e1tky souvisl\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho kraje spadaj\u00ed do 11. a\u017e 12. stolet\u00ed, kdy zde a v ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Horn\u00ed Lu\u017eice nach\u00e1z\u00edme usedl\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky slovansk\u00e9ho kmene Mil\u010dan\u016f. Mil\u010dan\u00e9 se \u017eivili ryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00edm na \u0159ece Nise, lovem, v\u010dela\u0159stv\u00edm a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00edm. A\u017e do poloviny 13. stolet\u00ed se jednalo o kraj slovansk\u00fd, situace se ov\u0161em pronikav\u011b zm\u011bnila za vl\u00e1dy \u010desk\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u016f, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm P\u0159emysla Otakara II. Pr\u00e1v\u011b on pozval do \u0159\u00eddce os\u00eddlen\u00e9ho slovansk\u00e9ho kraje kolen Nisy n\u011bmeck\u00e9 kolonisty, p\u0159ednostn\u011b zku\u0161en\u00e9 horn\u00edky. D\u00e1 se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee And\u011blsk\u00e1 Hora vznikla ji\u017e ve 14 stolet\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b tr\u017en\u00ed osady, kter\u00e1 byla roku 1547 pov\u00fd\u0161ena na horn\u00ed m\u011bste\u010dko p\u00e1ny z Don\u00edna, grab\u0161tejnskou pozemkovou vrchnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And\u011blsk\u00e1 Hora, os\u00eddlen\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm hornick\u00fdm obyvatelstvem z bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho Saska, za\u017eila ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 16. stolet\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b velik\u00fd rozkv\u011bt t\u011b\u017eby barevn\u00fdch i drah\u00fdch kov\u016f, ne\u017e byla zdecimov\u00e1na morovou epidemi\u00ed, t\u0159icetiletou v\u00e1lkou a protireformac\u00ed. Logick\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem byl definitivn\u00ed pokles na pouhou ves, jin\u00fd status obec ji\u017e nikdy nez\u00edskala, a\u010dkoli od poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed do\u0161lo k nov\u00e9mu stavebn\u00edmu a demografick\u00e9mu rozvoji v souvislosti s b\u011blen\u00edm. Pokusy o o\u017eiven\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby prob\u011bhly je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v letech 1773 a 1806, ale i ve 20. stolet\u00ed.  V\u0161echny pokusy o obnoven\u00ed dolov\u00e1n\u00ed byly shled\u00e1ny jako nerentabiln\u00ed. V And\u011blsk\u00e9 Ho\u0159e tedy vznikla b\u011blidla a valchovna, i kdy\u017e oboje postupn\u011b upadalo a po polovin\u011b 19. Stolet\u00ed byl zastaven provoz posledn\u00ed z nich, textiln\u00ed pr\u016fmysl z\u016fstal dominantn\u00edm a\u017e do konce druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Celkov\u00fd pohled na obec a jej\u00ed st\u0159ed s budovou obecn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161koly (1909) <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta nab\u00edzela tov\u00e1rna na sukno a p\u0159\u00e1delna ov\u010d\u00ed vlny, pozd\u011bji i bl\u00edzk\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna a vod\u00e1rna. \u017delezni\u010dn\u00ed spojen\u00ed do \u017ditavy a Liberce, zprovozn\u011bn\u00e9 v roce 1859, umo\u017enilo m\u00edstn\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm i pr\u00e1c\u00ed v bl\u00edzk\u00fdch m\u011bstech, by\u0165 vlastn\u00ed zast\u00e1vky se And\u011blsk\u00e1 Hora do\u010dkala a\u017e v roce 1905. Krom\u011b uveden\u00fdch prac\u00ed bylo \u010dast\u00fdm zdrojem ob\u017eivy zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, zdej\u0161\u00ed ran\u00e1 odr\u016fda brambor si z\u00edskala oblibu i v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spole\u010densk\u00fd a kulturn\u00ed \u017eivot zaji\u0161tovaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 obecn\u00ed spolky, vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed od konce 19. stolet\u00ed. Dobrovoln\u00fd hasi\u010dsk\u00fd sbor, p\u011bveck\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed, telocvi\u010dn\u00fd spolek a \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch po\u0159\u00e1daly sportovn\u00ed akce, divadeln\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed, z\u00e1bavy apod. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed byl v\u0161ak ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b 5. srpna and\u011blohorsk\u00fd c\u00edrkevn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, spojen\u00fd s pout\u00ed z Liberce, k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm pod \u0161ir\u00fdm nebem u zdej\u0161\u00edho kostel\u00edka Panny Marie Sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z prvn\u00ed poloviny 19. Stolet\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm poho\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm. M\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161kola nab\u00edzela vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed od roku 1788, o sto let pozd\u011bji vznikl nov\u00fd \u0161koln\u00ed d\u016fm, kter\u00fd sv\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu slou\u017eil je\u0161t\u011b v pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pohled na \u010d\u00e1st And\u011blsk\u00e9 Hory z roku 1938 <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Obec, jej\u00edm\u017e v\u00fdhradn\u00edm stavebn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem bylo d\u0159evo, se zamoz\u0159ejm\u011b nevyhnula zhoubn\u00fdm po\u017e\u00e1r\u016fm, z nich\u017e nejv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vypukly v letech 1669 a 1781, tehdy se ale jednalo o \u00famysln\u00e1 zalo\u017een\u00ed, kdy \u017eh\u00e1\u0159em byla dvan\u00e1ctilet\u00e1 m\u00edstn\u00ed d\u00edvka. Spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st And\u011blsk\u00e9 Hory u Nisy byla naopak v\u00edcekr\u00e1t posti\u017eena povodn\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto po\u0161kodily zdej\u0161\u00ed mosty a pozd\u011bji i \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed tra\u0165. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty obec ale zaznamenala a\u017e po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. Vys\u00eddlen\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho obyvatelstva a z\u00e1nik zdej\u0161\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu m\u011bly za n\u00e1sledak nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed demografick\u00fd a stavebn\u00ed \u00fapadek v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch And\u011blsk\u00e9 Hory. Historickou tv\u00e1\u0159 obce po\u0161kodily \u010detn\u00e9 demolice, vrchol\u00edc\u00ed roku 1977 likvidac\u00ed starobyl\u00e9ho h\u0159bitova a roku 1986 odst\u0159elem pam\u00e1tn\u00e9ho Pansk\u00e9ho domu, b\u00fdval\u00e9 d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 rychty. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je And\u011blsk\u00e1 Hora sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bsta Chrastavy se slibnou budoucnost\u00ed, kterou umo\u017enuje postupn\u00fd pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd a spole\u010densk\u00fd rozvoj konce devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Prvn\u00ed and\u011blohorsk\u00e1 \u0161koln\u00ed budova z roku 1788, uk\u00e1zka z Amtsb\u00fcchlerovy kroniky <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Uk\u00e1zka klasick\u00e9 historick\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti s vybaven\u00edm, Amtsb\u00fcchlerova kronika; <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje: KILLI\u00c1N, Jan. And\u011blsk\u00e1 Hora… z d\u011bjin hornick\u00e9 osady, Chrastava: RECo, 2003.<\/small><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nejstar\u0161\u00edmi obyvateli okol\u00ed \u0159eky Nisy snad byli Keltov\u00e9, doklady o jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v\u0161ak zat\u00edm neexistuj\u00ed. Pr\u016fnik prvn\u00edch Slovan\u016f do oblasti […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=356"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":505,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356\/revisions\/505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.andelskahorauchrastavy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}